Library Catalogue
Transition from illegal regimes under international law
Ronen Yael
Transition from illegal regimes under international law - Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2011 - 356p xliii
Contents:
Abbreviations page ix
Acknowledgements xi
Foreword xiii
Table of treaties xv
Table of case law xxiv
Table of UN documents xxxi
Table of domestic legislation and similar acts xxxvi
Table of documents of intergovernmental organizations xlii
1 Introduction 1
2 The case studies 16
2.1 The Baltic states 16
2.1.1 The annexation of the Baltic states by the USSR 16
2.1.2 The international reaction to the annexation of
the Baltic states 18
2.1.3 The illegality of the annexation of the Baltic
states 21
2.1.4 The restoration of independence of the Baltic
states 24
2.2 Rhodesia 27
2.2.1 The unilateral declaration of independence 27
2.2.2 The international response to UDI 29
2.2.3 The illegality of Rhodesia’s independence 31
2.2.4 The distinction between government and state 34
2.2.5 The reversion of Rhodesia to colonial status 35
2.3 Namibia 38
2.3.1 The South African administration 38
2.3.2 The international response to continued
South African administration 41
2.3.3 The illegality of the South African
administration of Namibia 45
2.3.4 The transition of Namibia to independence 46
2.4 The TBVC 47
2.4.1 The establishment of the TBVC 47
2.4.2 The international response to the establishment
of the TBVC 49
2.4.3 The illegality of the establishment of the TBVC 50
2.4.4 The reincorporation of the TBVC into South
Africa 51
2.5 Timor-Leste 54
2.5.1 The annexation of Timor-Leste by Indonesia 54
2.5.2 The international response to the annexation of
Timor-Leste 56
2.5.3 The illegality of the annexation of Timor-Leste 58
2.5.4 The transition of Timor-Leste to independence 60
2.6 The TRNC 61
2.6.1 The establishment of the TRNC 61
2.6.2 The international response to the establishment
of the TRNC 64
2.6.3 The illegality of the establishment of the TRNC 65
2.6.4 The Annan Plan 67
3 The obligation of non-recognition 71
3.1 Introduction 71
3.2 The obligation of non-recognition with respect to
treaty and diplomatic relations 73
3.3 The obligation of non-recognition with respect to
other dealings with the illegal regime 78
3.4 The exception to the prohibitions relating to
international interaction 80
3.5 The obligation of non-recognition with respect to
internal acts 81
3.5.1 Introduction 81
3.5.2 The prohibition and the Namibia exception 83
3.5.3 The effect of international human rights law on
the Namibia exception 88
3.5.4 The beneficiaries of the exception 98
3.6 Conclusions 101
4 The effect of transition on treaty relations of
the territory 103
4.1 Introduction 103
4.2 Doctrine 104
4.2.1 Transition with respect to prior treaties 104
4.2.2 Treaties concluded by the illegal regime 110
4.3 Practice 114
4.3.1 Rhodesia 114
4.3.2 Namibia 117
4.3.3 The Baltic states 133
4.3.4 The TBVC 141
4.3.5 Timor-Leste 145
4.3.6 The TRNC 155
4.4 Conclusions 156
4.4.1 Transition with respect to prior treaties 156
4.4.2 Treaties concluded by the illegal regime 157
5 The effect of transition on the domestic law of
the territory 159
5.1 Doctrine 159
5.1.1 The post-transition regime’s freedom of action 159
5.1.2 Retroactive effect of criminal norms of the
illegal regime 161
5.1.3 Prospective validity of acts of the illegal regime 162
5.2 Practice 163
5.2.1 Rhodesia 163
5.2.2 Namibia 165
5.2.3 The Baltic states 170
5.2.4 The TBVC 171
5.2.5 Timor-Leste 174
5.2.6 The TRNC 182
5.3 Conclusions 184
6 The effect of transition on settlers implanted by
illegal regimes 186
6.1 Introduction 186
6.2 Doctrine 187
6.2.1 Status granted to settlers under an illegal
regime 187
6.2.2 Limitations on expulsion of settlers based on
international human rights law 190
6.2.3 Conclusions 213
6.3 Practice 214
6.3.1 Rhodesia 214
6.3.2 The Baltic states 216
6.3.3 The TBVC 227
6.3.4 Timor-Leste 228
6.3.5 The TRNC 231
6.4 Conclusions 239
7 The effect of transition on land titles 246
7.1 Introduction 246
7.2 Doctrine 248
7.2.1 Types of changes to rights in land under the
illegal regime 248
7.2.2 The effect of transition on land rights granted
by the illegal regime 250
7.2.3 Limitations on restoration of land based on
international human rights law 254
7.3 Practice 264
7.3.1 Rhodesia 264
7.3.2 Namibia 267
7.3.3 The Baltic states 270
7.3.4 The TBVC 279
7.3.5 Timor-Leste 283
7.3.6 The TRNC 294
7.4 Conclusions 307
8 Conclusions: Non-recognition and transition 312
8.1 Reversion to the status quo ante versus continuity 314
8.2 Exceptions to continuity in domestic law: residence
and rights in land 316
8.3 Reversion to the status quo ante and the requisites of
statehood 317
8.4 The effect of international human rights law on
reversion to the status quo ante 319
8.5 Conclusion 320
Selected bibliography 321
Index 345
9780521197779
1. State Succession2. Legitimacy Of Governments3. Regime Change
341.260 / RON
Transition from illegal regimes under international law - Cambridge Cambridge University Press 2011 - 356p xliii
Contents:
Abbreviations page ix
Acknowledgements xi
Foreword xiii
Table of treaties xv
Table of case law xxiv
Table of UN documents xxxi
Table of domestic legislation and similar acts xxxvi
Table of documents of intergovernmental organizations xlii
1 Introduction 1
2 The case studies 16
2.1 The Baltic states 16
2.1.1 The annexation of the Baltic states by the USSR 16
2.1.2 The international reaction to the annexation of
the Baltic states 18
2.1.3 The illegality of the annexation of the Baltic
states 21
2.1.4 The restoration of independence of the Baltic
states 24
2.2 Rhodesia 27
2.2.1 The unilateral declaration of independence 27
2.2.2 The international response to UDI 29
2.2.3 The illegality of Rhodesia’s independence 31
2.2.4 The distinction between government and state 34
2.2.5 The reversion of Rhodesia to colonial status 35
2.3 Namibia 38
2.3.1 The South African administration 38
2.3.2 The international response to continued
South African administration 41
2.3.3 The illegality of the South African
administration of Namibia 45
2.3.4 The transition of Namibia to independence 46
2.4 The TBVC 47
2.4.1 The establishment of the TBVC 47
2.4.2 The international response to the establishment
of the TBVC 49
2.4.3 The illegality of the establishment of the TBVC 50
2.4.4 The reincorporation of the TBVC into South
Africa 51
2.5 Timor-Leste 54
2.5.1 The annexation of Timor-Leste by Indonesia 54
2.5.2 The international response to the annexation of
Timor-Leste 56
2.5.3 The illegality of the annexation of Timor-Leste 58
2.5.4 The transition of Timor-Leste to independence 60
2.6 The TRNC 61
2.6.1 The establishment of the TRNC 61
2.6.2 The international response to the establishment
of the TRNC 64
2.6.3 The illegality of the establishment of the TRNC 65
2.6.4 The Annan Plan 67
3 The obligation of non-recognition 71
3.1 Introduction 71
3.2 The obligation of non-recognition with respect to
treaty and diplomatic relations 73
3.3 The obligation of non-recognition with respect to
other dealings with the illegal regime 78
3.4 The exception to the prohibitions relating to
international interaction 80
3.5 The obligation of non-recognition with respect to
internal acts 81
3.5.1 Introduction 81
3.5.2 The prohibition and the Namibia exception 83
3.5.3 The effect of international human rights law on
the Namibia exception 88
3.5.4 The beneficiaries of the exception 98
3.6 Conclusions 101
4 The effect of transition on treaty relations of
the territory 103
4.1 Introduction 103
4.2 Doctrine 104
4.2.1 Transition with respect to prior treaties 104
4.2.2 Treaties concluded by the illegal regime 110
4.3 Practice 114
4.3.1 Rhodesia 114
4.3.2 Namibia 117
4.3.3 The Baltic states 133
4.3.4 The TBVC 141
4.3.5 Timor-Leste 145
4.3.6 The TRNC 155
4.4 Conclusions 156
4.4.1 Transition with respect to prior treaties 156
4.4.2 Treaties concluded by the illegal regime 157
5 The effect of transition on the domestic law of
the territory 159
5.1 Doctrine 159
5.1.1 The post-transition regime’s freedom of action 159
5.1.2 Retroactive effect of criminal norms of the
illegal regime 161
5.1.3 Prospective validity of acts of the illegal regime 162
5.2 Practice 163
5.2.1 Rhodesia 163
5.2.2 Namibia 165
5.2.3 The Baltic states 170
5.2.4 The TBVC 171
5.2.5 Timor-Leste 174
5.2.6 The TRNC 182
5.3 Conclusions 184
6 The effect of transition on settlers implanted by
illegal regimes 186
6.1 Introduction 186
6.2 Doctrine 187
6.2.1 Status granted to settlers under an illegal
regime 187
6.2.2 Limitations on expulsion of settlers based on
international human rights law 190
6.2.3 Conclusions 213
6.3 Practice 214
6.3.1 Rhodesia 214
6.3.2 The Baltic states 216
6.3.3 The TBVC 227
6.3.4 Timor-Leste 228
6.3.5 The TRNC 231
6.4 Conclusions 239
7 The effect of transition on land titles 246
7.1 Introduction 246
7.2 Doctrine 248
7.2.1 Types of changes to rights in land under the
illegal regime 248
7.2.2 The effect of transition on land rights granted
by the illegal regime 250
7.2.3 Limitations on restoration of land based on
international human rights law 254
7.3 Practice 264
7.3.1 Rhodesia 264
7.3.2 Namibia 267
7.3.3 The Baltic states 270
7.3.4 The TBVC 279
7.3.5 Timor-Leste 283
7.3.6 The TRNC 294
7.4 Conclusions 307
8 Conclusions: Non-recognition and transition 312
8.1 Reversion to the status quo ante versus continuity 314
8.2 Exceptions to continuity in domestic law: residence
and rights in land 316
8.3 Reversion to the status quo ante and the requisites of
statehood 317
8.4 The effect of international human rights law on
reversion to the status quo ante 319
8.5 Conclusion 320
Selected bibliography 321
Index 345
9780521197779
1. State Succession2. Legitimacy Of Governments3. Regime Change
341.260 / RON